Major Cities
* Dammam: Capital of the Eastern Province, the third largest city of Saudi Arabia after Riyadh and Jeddah and main seaport
* Al-Ahsa : Largest oasis in the world.
* Khobar: Major center for commerce
* Dhahran: Center of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia, home for Saudi Aramco headquarters, and includes a major base of RSAF
* Qatif: Large oasis on the coast of the Persian Gulf, largest fishing center in the kingdom and the gulf region, and major oilfield. Most, if not all, its residents are Shia Muslims.
* Jubail: One of two major industrial cities in Saudi Arabia
* Abqaiq: Home for major and largest oil and gas processing plants
* Ras Tanura: Major petroleum refining center, home for the largest oil refinery in the world, and many offshore oil platforms. Also main oil exporting seaport
* Udhayliyah: Major oil producing and processing plants, near Shayba in the Empty Quarter, close to the borders of the United Arab Emirates
* Khafji: Main industrial city, very close to the borders of Kuwait. Occupied by the Iraqi forces during the Gulf War. Saudi Forces aided by US Marines victoriously engaged in the Battle of Khafji during Operation Desert Storm to free it from Iraqis
* Hafr Al-Batin
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